Foyi yemhangura, iri pepa remhangura rakatetepa zvikuru, rine nzira yekugadzira yakaoma uye inonzwisisika. Maitiro aya anosanganisira kuburitsa nekunatsa mhangura, kugadzira foyi yemhangura, uye matanho ekugadzirisa mushure mekushandisa.
Danho rekutanga kuburitsa nekunatsa mhangura. Sekureva kwedata kubva kuUnited States Geological Survey (USGS), kugadzirwa kwemhangura pasi rose kwakasvika matani mamiriyoni makumi maviri muna 2021 (USGS, 2021). Mushure mekuburitsa mhangura, kuburikidza nematanho akadai sekupwanya, kukuya, uye kutenderera, mhangura ine huwandu hwe30% hwemhangura inogona kuwanikwa. Mhangura iyi inonatsa inobva yaitwa, kusanganisira kunyungudutsa, kucheneswa kwemuchina, uye electrolysis, zvichizoburitsa mhangura ine hutsanana hwakakwira kusvika 99.99%.
Tevere kunouya maitiro ekugadzira foil yemhangura, iyo inogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri zvichienderana nenzira yekugadzira: foil yemhangura yemagetsi uye foil yemhangura yakakungurutswa.
Foiri yemhangura yeElectrolytic inogadzirwa kuburikidza ne electrolytic process. Mu cell ye electrolytic, copper anode inonyunguduka zvishoma nezvishoma pasi pekushanda kwe electrolyte, uye ma ions emhangura, anofambiswa ne current, anofamba akananga ku cathode ogadzira copper deposits pamusoro pe cathode. Ukobvu hwe electrolytic copper foil inowanzova pakati pe 5 kusvika 200 micrometers, iyo inogona kudzorwa nemazvo zvichienderana nezvinodiwa ne printed circuit board (PCB) technology (Yu, 1988).
Foiri yemhangura yakamonerwa, kune rumwe rutivi, inogadzirwa nemaoko. Kutanga kubva papepa remhangura rine ukobvu hwemamirimita akawanda, rinotetepa zvishoma nezvishoma nekumonerwa, zvichizopedzisira zvagadzira foiri yemhangura ine ukobvu padanho rema micrometer (Coombs Jr., 2007). Rudzi urwu rwefoiri yemhangura rune pamusoro wakapfava kupfuura foiri yemhangura yemagetsi, asi maitiro ayo ekugadzira anoshandisa simba rakawanda.
Mushure mekunge foil yemhangura yagadzirwa, inowanzo fanirwa kugadziriswa mushure mekugadziriswa, kusanganisira kunyungudutswa, kugadziriswa pamusoro, nezvimwewo, kuti ivandudze mashandiro ayo. Semuenzaniso, kunyungudutswa kunogona kuwedzera ductility uye kusimba kwefoil yemhangura, nepo kugadziriswa pamusoro (senge oxidation kana coating) kunogona kuwedzera kuramba ngura uye kunamira kwefoil yemhangura.
Muchidimbu, kunyangwe maitiro ekugadzira nekugadzira foil yemhangura akaoma, kuburitswa kwechigadzirwa kune simba guru pahupenyu hwedu hwemazuva ano. Uku kuratidzwa kwekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, kushandura zviwanikwa zvechisikigo kuita zvigadzirwa zvetekinoroji yepamusoro kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwekugadzira hwakarurama.
Zvisinei, maitiro ekugadzira foil yemhangura anounzawo mamwe matambudziko, anosanganisira kushandiswa kwesimba, kukanganisa nharaunda, nezvimwewo. Sekureva kwemushumo, kugadzirwa kwetani imwe chete yemhangura kunoda simba rinenge 220GJ, uye kunogadzira matani 2.2 emhepo inoburitsa carbon dioxide (Northey et al., 2014). Nokudaro, tinofanira kutsvaga nzira dzinoshanda uye dzisingakuvadzi nharaunda dzekugadzira foil yemhangura.
Imwe mhinduro inogona kushandiswa ndeyekushandisa mhangura yakadzokororwa kugadzira foil yemhangura. Zvinonzi kushandiswa kwesimba pakugadzira mhangura yakadzokororwa i20% chete yemhangura yekutanga, uye zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemhangura (UNEP, 2011). Pamusoro pezvo, nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, tinogona kugadzira matekiniki ekugadzira foil yemhangura anoshanda uye anochengetedza simba, zvichideredza kukanganisa kwaanoita nharaunda.
Mukupedzisa, maitiro ekugadzira nekugadzira foil yemhangura ibasa retekinoroji rizere nematambudziko nemikana. Kunyangwe tafambira mberi zvakanyanya, kuchine basa rakawanda rinofanira kuitwa kuti foil yemhangura ikwanise kusangana nezvatinoda zuva nezuva uku tichichengetedza nharaunda yedu.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-08-2023